How Do Fuel Cells Work?
As a principle, Fuel Cells operate just like a battery complete with an anode, a cathode sandwiched between electrolytes along with a catalyst. However, unlike a battery, it does not lose its power and need recharging. As a matter of fact, it produces energy and keeps working until hydrogen is fed to it. It can also b stacked up and the total resulting current can be used to provide for the desired output.
In Operation, Hydrogen is made to pass over one electrode while oxygen is made to pass over the other produced electricity, water and heat in the process.
The Hydrogen gas, after having gone through a successful reform through the fuel-reformer, is fed to the "anode" of the fuel cell, while the oxygen enters through the cathode of the same apparatus. Due to the chemical reaction of the catalyst in the electrolyte, the hydrogen splits into an electron and a proton, both of which travel in different paths to the cathode. While the proton passes through the electrolyte, the electron and a bunch of more of its like pass together, forming an electric current in the process are tapped into for commercial use.
The 'Fuel-Reformer' as mentioned above can be used to extract the Hydrogen gas out of any of its existing forms, say from biogas, methane, and ethanol. Even though this is amongst the most plethoric elements on earth, it never exists as hydrogen itself and is found only as a compound, however once separated, it is the ultimate source of clean energy. There is really no problem finding the fuel for successful operation of the Fuel Cell.
However, problems still exist and apart from the fact there are still concerns about usage of hydrogen as a fuel, the fuel cells are very expensive and we haven't been successful in getting them through the economies of scale and hence lower the costs. Nevertheless, it should not worry us too long, since once upon a time, Ford's Model T was expensive too, while the automobiles today are ubiquitous and taken for granted.
Article Source: http://www.articlenorth.com
Jason Uvios writes about "How Do Fuel Cells Work" to visit: dedicated backup generators, diesel generator and electric generator.
Water as Gas, Full of Salty Possibilities
It opened a great door for possibilities of discovering other alternative fuel that would help the almost empty purses to stay within the budget for gas and other necessities.
Then came the invention created by a 63-year old named John Kanzius that claims to create a source of alternative fuel from salt water. Kanzius discovered that under right conditions, salt water can burn at high temperature. Diagnosed with leukaemia in 2003, he decided to try to invent a better alternative for destroying cancerous cells in the body. He came up with the radio frequency generator, it is a machine that generates radio waves and focuses them into a concentrated area destroying the tumors without harming normal cells.
While conducting a demonstrations, an observer noticed that the RFG was causing water in a nearby test tube to condense. Thinking that if the RFG could make water condense, maybe it could also separate salt out of seawater. An effective means of removing salt out of seawater could save lives especially in the countries that are dying because of thirst. Kanzius then used his RFG with the goal of desalinization of salt water. During the first test, the water in the test tube sparked.
On the second trial, he lighted a paper towel and touched it to the water while the RFG is pointing to the water. The test tube ignited and continued to be aflame while the RFG is turned towards the test tube. Several universities tried to do the same test to prove if it could be hoax, but the same result happened. The salt water in the test tube ignited and remained ignited while the RFG is pointed to it.
But should we be worried? Since the world is 70% saltwater, it is probable that seas would suddenly be aflame because of a cigarette butt thrown to the sea? The radio waves from Kanzius RFG disrupt the stability of water, therefore releasing the hydrogen molecules. The heat coming from the RFG ignited them and it burned.
So is it possible to run our cars using salt water instead of gasoline? Back in 200, Hydrogen Technology Applications introduced the Aquygen.
Aquygen is a gas made up of hydrogen separated from water using electrical shock. This gas when mixed with regular hydrogen is said to create a more efficient fuel than gasoline alone (from www.howstuffworks.com). So could this have paved the way for the Kanzius discovery? Will salt water be used as ordinary water. Upon Kanzius assertions points out, that creating fire and fuel from salt water is possible. But separating hydrogen, oxygen, sodium and chloride is needed to be done first. Then sodium will then be burned. However, this process would consume much more energy that the energy that this produces.
The beauty with science is that it’s a never ending world of possibilities. What could be impossible today may be possible in the future. In the past, using water to run cars seems to be impossible. So who says that we should close our doors for salt water as alternative fuel?
Using Byproducts to Fuel Hydrogen Cars
One of the key sticking points of going to a hydrogen economy is how are we going to produce enough hydrogen to fuel both car and home? Current methods include steam reforming natural gas and electrolyzing water.
If a hydrogen economy is to come to fruition in the near future, we will most likely need many methods for producing hydrogen. Renewable resources for producing hydrogen will include biomass and ethanol, wind farms, tidal energy, hydroelectric energy, solar and other experimental resources such as gravitational energy.
Another resource for producing hydrogen will be in capturing hydrogen that is currently (or in the future) being produced as a byproduct for other processes.
Clean coal technology is one of these processes currently being developed in order to turn coal into electricity. Hydrogen is to be captured during this process and sold as a secondary commodity. Noxious fumes are to be sequestered providing near zero emissions.
Hydrogen is also a byproduct of producing sodium-chlorate, which is used to manufacture pesticides and bleaches. In Vancouver, Canada it is said that there is enough hydrogen as byproduct to power 20,000 hydrogen cars for one year. This technology will be featured in the 2010 Olympics to be held in Vancouver.
Current nuclear reactors can also be modified to use the steam they produce in cooling the reactor to do high-temperature electrolysis to produce hydrogen. The Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative as well as researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory are already moving ahead with studying this technology.
It's good to know that in moving to a hydrogen-based economy, we don't have to totally reinvent the wheel, only upgrade the wheel to current and future needs.
About The Author
Kevin Kantola
©2005-2006 Hydrogen-Cars.Biz. All rights reserved.
Kevin Kantola (aka Hydro Kevin) writes about hydrogen cars and vehicles plus the developing H2 infrastructure.
The Benefits of Using Water to Gas
While regular gasoline is still required to fuel the car, adding water into the equation can actually extend each gallon of gas consumption.
Any gas-fuelled car can actually be converted to run on water, all that needs to be done is install a hydrogen generator.
These generators come in many forms, model and make, but they are all using the same processes for fuel economy and increased mileage.
Better still, these devices are easy to build and install, add to the fact that they are very affordable.
There are a lot of online guides that will provide instructions exactly how to do it and there are many options to choose from.
If you’re interested in running your car with water, try to weigh the benefits that may be of good to you.
It will save you money – this is by far the most popular benefit of using water to gas.
It is a given fact that you could see a significant reduction in your monthly fuel expenses, which could greatly improve fuel economy, in some cases, fuel intake is reduced by up to 60%.
Since conversion kits are relatively affordable, one could recover the cost in as little as a month and as an added benefit, engine’s end up cleaner and run smoothly.
One good thing to consider is that gas mileage of water to gas devices or hydrogen generators provide equivalent results to that of a modern hybrid without having to invest in a new vehicle, since water to gas conversion kits work with any vehicle.
Water to gas devices also improves engine life. Engines will see a dramatic improvement upon substituting water to gas.
Not only will the water will clean out all carbon deposits in the engine chambers that make it run smoother and quieter, you will notice that each time you run your car, the engine will clean itself further.
Another benefit of water to gas devices is that water will also help to keep the engine cool, thus, prevent repairs and maintenance caused by engine overheating. As you can see, your engine will actually improve over time when you start running your car on water.
It will also decrease unwanted emissions.
Using water to gas devices will not only save you money and improve your engine, you may be surprised that you’re helping the environment as well.
Cars running on water for fuel will decrease the amount of dangerous carbon emissions released into the environment.
This makes the air you breathe cleaner, healthier and unpolluted.
Not only that, fewer emissions mean less chances of global warming from getting worse, better yet, widespread use of hydrogen generated vehicles would stop global warming dead in its tracks, give the earth a chance to recuperate from deadly greenhouse gasses and heal the earth, which in the long run, we all know is a huge benefit to us all.
So, try and consider these wonderful benefits.
Save money, improve your engine and help the environment - without having to spend a fortune on a new car or expensive equipment.
If you want to convert your car to run with water, find a good guide to help you get started.
There are many valuable sources online and expert help available, and be on you way to enjoy the benefits of using water to gas.
You Can Convert Water to Gas
Yes you can by using Gas4Free. This product has been around for more than 4 years. By downloading the e-book from their website and buying the materials from their accredited suppliers, you can make this work without having to bring your vehicle to the shop.
The space required to put everything together measures 5 inches wide by 6 inches high. If you encounter a problem, it can be customized to fit your vehicle’s engine.
If you think it is complicated to set up, don’t worry because there are instructions and images which you can follow. The electrical connection can be done in a matter of minutes because all you have to do is connect the 12 volts of the battery to the ignition switch which ensures that hydrogen will be produced once it is turned on. For added safety, everything is protected by a fuse.
Once the product has been installed, your car’s battery will separate water into a gas called HHO or hydroxy which is known to be a supercharged gas that burns effectively and produces significant energy thus improving fuel economy.
The price for Gas4Free is under $100. Once you get it, you can use it on your on gas or diesel powered cars, vans, trucks and SUV so you won’t feel guilty about owning a gas guzzler anymore or even think about selling it.
You get a return on your investment in less than a month because the added cost of the e-book or the parts is under $150. The instruction manual is available in different languages so aside from English, you get also read it in Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Italian, Russian and Spanish.
Once you have the system, the company that is offering this releases product updates so as the years go by, anything new that is discovered by their research and development team is given to you.
Even if water can help convert water to gas, you should not forget to drive your vehicle on occasion to the gas station because hydrogen is still supplemental to gas or diesel. If you are not happy with the product after 2 months, you can get a full refund.
Will this void the warranty of my auto maker? A lot of people ask this question and the answer is no because this product does not modify anything in your vehicle’s engine but merely enhance its performance. But if you are worried once they pop up your engine, you can remove it before bringing the vehicle for its preventive maintenance check and that reinstall it once you get home.
If you have more than one vehicle at home, you can replicate the technology and also install this in the others. This makes all your vehicles fuel efficient and environment friendly.
When you decide to get Gas4Free, you don’t get one but two e-books. The first one tells you how to assemble and install it while the other will offer you tips about how to fine tune the system to make sure it is always in good condition.
So what are you waiting for? Converting water to gas is already here. It is only just a matter of time before we will see cars on the road that operate 100% using just water.
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Water to Gas = Water in the Tank?
The latest fuel saving system— the water to gas technology— has most of the public getting confused. Would that mean that we would be putting water in our gas tank? The answer is NO!
With the water to gas conversion it doesn’t literally mean that water will be put inside the gas tank to conserve on fuel. This system uses a water conversion kit called the electrolyzer or the hydrogen generator. This is the device that converts the water into vapour to separate the hydrogen and be used as supplement to gas. So it is very important to follow the instructions stated in the conversion and installation guides.
Water in gas tanks poses big problems. Since water is heavier than fuel, it will build up in the bottom of the tank until it undergoes something to remove it. Water and gasoline is immiscible, meaning it would not mix except in minute or very small quantities. With the water settled in the bottom of the tank, it could result to rust. It also freezes easily and can leave the driver stranded depending where the water froze. Once the water in tank gets deep enough, it will be drawn into the fuel line and can result into clogged filters and strangled motors. Since water is also thicker than fuel, it can’t get through the injector. So water tends to block the injector resulting into engine misfire.
Mechanics said that water in fuel tanks are serious issues. The only thing motorists can do to remove the water without removing the fuel tank is to use isopropyl. But experts recommend sending the vehicles to a repair shop so that all of the water in the tank could be flushed out completely.
A trick used in aircrafts to reduce water contamination in fuels is to fill up at the end of the day, so the tank has less air space overnight. They also fill it up to the brim every night so there is no airspace above the fuel that could lead to vapour condensation. But since cars are only required to be filled with gasoline once a week, this trick may not be applicable to vehicles. Parking indoors will also help in reducing water contamination in gas tanks.
Another possible cause of water in gas tanks is simply the climate. When you have wet conditions, overnight condensation may happen in the fuel tank. Condensation in the tank would occur most in similar conditions to carburaetor icing high humidity/wet conditions with temperatures just above freezing. The car would cool down over night and the moisture in the air space in the tank condenses on the inside of the tank. At the same time, the cooling air in the tank would contract and suck more in from outside worsening the already worse situation.
There are also several incidents of local gasoline stations pumping contaminated gas into vehicles. Some of these gasoline stations were closed down due to the illegal processes that they were doing. An example would be what happened in Deltona, Florida. Some drivers claimed that a Deltona gas station is selling tainted gas. There were two drivers who told the media and reporters that their cars broke down immediately after filling up at the local Deltona gasoline station.
These would be some typical situations where water in gas is not a good thing. Taking care of our vehicles and being aware of the conditions around us will equip us on how to better handle vehicle maintenance.
100's Using Water to Improve Gas Mileage by Changing Water to Gas
100's Using Water to Improve Gas Mileage by Changing Water To Gas
The use of water to improve gas mileage by converting water to gas is a new technology That is still being improved so that everyone can convert there car to save on gas .With simple tools and our kit even a child can do it the technology used to modify your Car to save gas is done by using hydrogen don't worry you don’t need to be a scientist to do this. The device will extract the hydrogen from the water through a process called electrolysis the .Hydrogen is then created and is burned as fuel. It burns clean and does not produce byproducts expect water. Therefore it is a lot better to the environment
Turning water to gas holds a lot of benefits over using normal fuels.By using water to improve gas mileage you will get a big 50% increase in fuel mileage.Saving you A LOT of money every month on fuel.Hyrdrogen is 2.5 times more energy then gasonline so its far more efficient then a normal combustion engine. You will be saving your money and the environment.
Information on the Internet can teach you how to modify your car to save gas using water. It is important when seeking information on how to modify your car to save gas using water that you research and evaluate the source of the information given and choose only the sources that have valid information proven to produce proper results. There are any number of water to gas scam artists on the web passing off inadequate information and devices that are less than ideal to perform as well as authentic quality hydrogen generators. To complicate matters, there are many skeptics who claim that hydrogen generators and converting water to gas is a scam and are only designed to take your money. There are many trolls and debunkers on Internet forums who counter any positive information regarding hydrogen generators and converting water to gas, giving false information. They are the water to gas scam artists themselves, and it is important to learn to recognize them and disregard the rhetoric they use to disqualify important valid information regarding this much-needed technology.
The hydrogen generator can be installed on either cars, trucks or vans. By installing a hydrogen generator, whether made by your self or one that has already been designed and packaged for you, and converting water to gas, you will soon notice the difference in the efficiency of your car engine and the money savings benefit in your wallet
Click Here! To learn more and to start saving on Gas!
Turning Water Into Gas - Can it Happen, and If So, How Does it Work?
Turning water into gas is not a reality and cannot happen. But before you think "yep, I knew it, this whole water for gas thing is a big scam," hear me out. This technology does work, and works very well, but you have to understand HOW it works.
When you use this technology, you are not turning water into gas, but rather into fuel. To fuel a vehicle is to power a vehicle, and this is achieved through a hybrid of water and gasoline. The hydrogen that is in the water combines with traditional gasoline to make a compound that goes by a number of different names, such as HHO gas, Brown gas, and Brown's gas. (the term Brown comes from the inventor Yull Brown, who developed the technology)
When you use HHO in your car, (turning water into gas, if you will) you will see major savings in what you spend on gas each month. People who have installed water gas kits on their cars see their miles per gallon double. But there are other benefits as well. The engine in your car will have a lot more power, because the water will cool the engine down, and a cooler motor puts out more horsepower. Also, turning water into gas is a big benefit for those looking to help our environment, because the emissions that come from the tailpipe are much cleaner than those coming from a traditional setup. And finally, you will not only save money on fuel by turning water into gas, but you will also save money on taxes, since you will be driving a hybrid.
Turning water into gas is the best way to potentially save hundreds of dollars each month on fuel. Go to http://www.adviceforsavinggas.com for a closer look at how to do it
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Joe_Watson
Run Your Car On Water Review - Discover The Truth
Last week average gas price peaked at a new record. Moreover, experts say that prices will still go up. But is there any design of this problem? Can we spend less money and lessen gas consumption? The answer is yes. Scientists have invented a technology which can make your dreams a reality.
The technology is called run your car on water because it allows you to use less gas by running your car on hydrogen which is generated from water. Using this technology you can go on long miles with the help of the water.
This technology is very simple. System, installed in your car, breaks the waters' element which is represented through H20 into in its original form which is HHO, which is used as an addition to gas.
Authors of this technology claim that it will help you to lessen gas consumption by 40%. Moreover, this technology is completely safe for environment and is already used in many modern hybrid cars. However it is possible to convert your car into water hybrid so you don't have to buy a new car. The biggest advantage of this technology is that it is very affordable and everyone can use it. You don't need to have any special knowledges. Using blueprints and plans you will be able to install it in two hours.
If you are interested in run your car on water technology you can learn more about it by visiting the link below. Thank you for reading this article. Good luck.
What a Miracle! Changing Water to Gas
More and more people are getting intrigued by this technology. The main companies selling this system, would include in their package different parts to install on your car to be able to use water on your engine. They would include hydrogen generators or electrolyzers and other car parts. But is this really possible? Can water really be changed into a fuel supplement for gasoline that would enable your vehicle to run smoother?
With the water to gas technology, HHO, also called hydroxy or Brown’s gas is used to supplement its fuel. It doesn’t mean that you would have to put a water hose into your gas tank and use it as fuel. HHO is also called oxyhydrogen and contains a mixture of hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2). Chemist William Nicholson was the first person to decompose or separate water into its component gasses back in 1800s.
Oxyhydrogen will burn up when brought to its kindling point. Kindling point will be the lowest temperature wherein a substance will spontaneously ignite without the need for a spark or flame. When ignited, oxyhydrogen will convert into water vapour and then will release its energy.
This concept was applied on lights. Oxyhydrogen lamps, like the limelight, is using an oxyhydrogen flame to heat a piece of lime to give light. Another product is the oxyhydrogen torch. This torch is an oxy-gas torch. It burns hydrogen with oxygen. This equipment is used for cutting and welding metals, glass and thermoplastics. The flame begins a short distance from the tip of the torch; if the distance is great enough the torch tip can remain cool. Oxyhydrogen is also claimed to increase the efficiency in automotive engines. One liter of water is said to creat 1860 gallons of oxhydrogen.
So why use the name Brown’s gas for oxyhydrogen? Oxyhydrogen gas produced by a common-ducted electrolyzer has been referred to to as Brown’s Gas. It was named after Yull Brown who received a patent for a series cell common ducted electrolyzer made in 1977 and 1978. Actually, Brown’s gas is not used in his patents, the gas produced has been referred to “ a mixture of oxygen and hydrogen”. Brown's Gas also claims that it can be used for the following applications although further research may be required:
1.Air conditioning and cooling
2. Atmospheric motors
3. Cleansing of smokestack
4. Coal to Oil conversion
5. Curing
6. Deep-sea life support
7. Destruction of toxic wastes
8. Drying of fruit and legumes
9. Fuel Cell
10. Glazing and Kiln operation
11. Graphite production
12. Heating
13. Hydrogen production
14. Mineral separation
15. Nuclear waste decontamination
16. Ore separation
17. Oxygen production
18. Production of hard materials
19. Production of electricity
20. Pure water production
21. Silica conversion
22. Space life support
23. Underwater welding
24. Vacuum systems
25. Water pumps
26. Welding and brazing
There could numerous ways this water to gas technology can be used. Numerous ways that could make our lifestyle more efficient and less costly. But the road to discovery is a very hard road. It took decades before this technology was made available for us. Hopefully, it would take that long too just to be able to prove and provide other ways to use and benefit from this technology.
Behind the Scene: How Water to Gas Technology Works
Whenever you decide to upgrade to this system and decided to give one of these companies a call, they would never ask you to put water to your gas tank. Nor they will ask you to buy a new car with the water to gas engine. Actually, it’s very simple. You don’t have to change your engine or you car computer.
The water to gas conversion kit comes in with different part that can be easily assembled at home over the weekend. It only requires to use a few basic tools. The conversion kits major parts would be:
Electrolyzer (some call it "Hydrogen Generator"): these would be the containers (quart sized) can contain about 950cc of ordinary tap water or distilled water (based on the requirement of the manufacturer of the conversion kit). It could be glass, metal or plastic containers.
MAP Sensor Enhancer: this electronic device reduces fuel consumption without modifying the engine or the computer
Vaporizer: adds water vapour to the engine to cool it down, improves combustion and fuel economy.
Fuel Heater: pre-heats your gasoline for better gas economy, using only energy from the radiator that gets wasted otherwise, it requires no modifications done to the radiator or its hoses#
PCV Enhancer: another great companion to your hydrogen system that improves the PCV (Positive Crankcase Ventilation) function, protects your engine and saves gas.
Fuse holder + wiring. Connect to the 12 volts.
Vacuum T-connector: helps you splice the vacuum line for feeding the hydrogen and oxygen into the engine.
Catalyst: Ordinary baking soda.
Pure hydrogen is dangerous, especially storing it in large compressed amounts in containers. It can result into explosion, however water does not explode. That is why water to gas conversion kits do not use pure hydrogen. Since hydrogen is already compressed or present in water, it is safely and easily released and consumed. So when HHO is produced, the by-product left is water. No harmful chemicals are being emitted from this system. You just need enough space under the hood to place a quart sized jar to put the water and catalyst. Catalyst is the substance that helps the electricity separate water into HHO. Nothing will happen without this material. This system uses ordinary baking soda, you can easily grab it from the nearest grocery store or from your kitchen cabinet.
Water is converted into HHO gas using electricity from the car’s battery. The quart-sized water jar with a little bit of baking soda is placed under the hood. This device is connected with some fuse holder and wires to the car’s battery. It gets vacuum and electricity from the engine produces the HHO gas. The HHO gas is supplied to the carburaetor. The generator from your battery connects the device via the ignition switch. This prevents hydrogen production when the engine is off and uses less electricity.
Knowing how safe and easy to assemble to water to gas conversion kits provides us a view on an alternative way to save our trips to the pump. But always, it is very important whenever we’ll be using this system or any system at all that will help us economically, to follow the provided instructions and know the product that we’re going to purchase and use.